MATERIALS AND METHODS

The research cruise was carried out with the 61 meter R/V Urania owned and operated by SO.PRO.MAR. and on long-term lease to CNR. Ship is normally used for geological, geophysical and oceanographical work in the Mediterranean Sea and adjoining waters, including but not limited to, the Atlantic Ocean, the Red Sea, and the Black Sea.

**Figure 3:** R/V *Urania* .
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R/V Urania is equipped with DGPS positioning system (satellite link by FUGRO), single-beam and multibeam bathymetry and integrated geophysical and oceanographical data acquisition systems, including ADCP, CHIRP SBP and other Sonar Equipment, other than water and sediment sampling. Additional equipment can be accommodated on the keel or towed, e.g. Side Scan Sonars.

NAVIGATION, CHIRP SBP, SWATH BATHYMETRY

The vessel was set-up for data acquisition and navigation with PDS-2000 software by RESON, interfacing by a multiserial and Ethernet link several instruments, among them the DGPS (Fugro), the Atlas-Krupp Deso-25 single-beam echosunder, the MAHRS MRU and the meteorological station. The position and depth data were also distributed to the CTD data acquisition console. A Kongsberg processor running the SIS software, collected the multibeam data, including a SEAPATH MRU, compass, and DGPS. The MBES was the 70kHz, 400 1x2° beams, 150° aperture EM-710 (2000 m range) model by Kongsberg. The sonar head is positioned on the ship's keel using a V-shaped steel frame. A Sound Velocity probe at the keel 1m above the Sonar Head is interfaced directly to the MBES processor, thus providing the necessary real-time data for the beam-forming. CTD casts were normally used for input of the sound velocity profile to the system. An Anderaa Meteorological Station was also made available, at a rate of one measurement every 5 minutes.

Table 1: Instrumental Offsets of PDS2000 on Ship Urania (PDS2000). The GPS antenna (primary positioning system) is located on point DGPS.

POSITION	ACROSS	ALONG	HEIGHT
REF.POINT	0.00	0.00	0.00
DGPS	1.64	14.30	14.18
MBEAM	0.00	14.36	-4.96
MAHRS	0.00	0.0	-3.40
DESO	5.50	-1.85	-3.80
CHIRP	-1.0	11.80	-4.00
A-FRAME	6.5	-6.70	0.0
STERN	0.00	-30.60	0.00
MAGNETOM.	-5.50	-210	0.0
DGPSGRAV	0.0	-4.0	10.0
GRAV	-1.0	-1.0	0.0

Table 2: Instrumental Offsets on Ship Urania (EM710). The DGPS antenna (primary positioning system) is located on point SEAPATH_GPS.

POSITION	ACROSS	ALONG	HEIGHT
REF. POINT	0.00	0.00	0.00
SEAPATH_GPS	-4.039	0.163	-18.211
MRU	-0.341	-1.342	-1.596
MBEAM_TX	0.0936	10.2964	5.0623
MBEAM_RX	-0.0031	11.0144	5.0600
SEALEVEL	0	0	-0.0875

**Figure 4:** CruiseMNG0310: pokmark filed on faults and tectonic lineaments on top of Gallignani Ridge, Pomo.
$\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{IMG/GALLIGNANI_RIDGE_POCKMARKS.eps}$

**Figure 5:** CruiseMNG0310: fault on top of Gallignani Ridge(WSE), Pomo (see Fig. 4).
$\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{IMG/faglia_sella_pomo.eps}$

**Figure 6:** CruiseMNG0310: pokmark filed on top of Gallignani Ridge, Pomo.
$\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{IMG/pockmark_pomo.eps}$

MULTIBEAM BATHYMETRY

The SIS (EM-710) was able to build real-time DTM at the resolution of 20 and 5 m during the acquisition of the entire surveyed areas. The data from these production DTMs were exported and used for planning and update of the SIS projects. The raw data were instead saved in the Kongsberg's .all format, for postprocessing with packages like NEPTUNE or MB-SYSTEM or other. The processed data will therefore be used for an up-to-date regional and local bathymetric compilation.

CHIRP SBP

A Teledyne Benthos CHIRP-III SBP system (16 hull-mounted transducers) was used. The data were acquired by the SWANPRO software by Communication Technology, with direct interfacing to the DGPS, therefore actual positioning data have to be converted according to the offsets of Tab.1. The data were recorded in the XTF format and converted also into the SEG-Y format for processing with ISMAR's SEISPRHO package [Gasperini & Stanghellini(2009)]. The system setting was: length 5-10 ms, trigger rate variyng from 0.25 to 1.5 s,gain 9dbm preamp gain ranging from 1.5 to 3 db. Power to the transducers and gains were set in order to obtain non-clipped returns.

BOTTOM SAMPLING

Bottom sampling was performed by 60cm diameter box corer and grab. Table 3 shows the position of samples. On the undisturbed sample a minimum of 2 subcores were taken and stored. Subsampling at particular levels was also performed. Some subasamples were washed and seived.

Table 3: Samples on cruise MNG0310. BC=box-corer, G=grab.

LON-LAT (ddmm.xxx)	UTM34	DEPTH	SAMPLE	DATE
1921.142 4149.869	363184 4632342		BC1	2010-03-09
1920.910 4149.706	362858 4632046		BC2	2010-03-09
1920.716 4149.509	362582 4631687		BC3	2010-03-09
1917.880 4149.743	358665 4632196		BC4	2010-03-09
1844.785 4228.379	314748 4704753		G1	2010-03-10
1840.878 4229.979	309476 4707859		G2	2010-03-10
1839.704 4225.942	307662 4700431		G3	2010-03-10
1832.515 4226.064	297812 4700937		G4	2010-03-10

CTD

CTD data were obtained by a Sea Bird SBE 911 probe. Table A4 in the appendix shows the position of the stations.

MAGNETOMETRY

A Seaspy by Marine Magnetics magnetometer was used. Sensor was towed at 180 m from stern, on the port side. Data acquisition was by Marine Magnetic's Sealink software.

MAPPING AND MISCELLANEOUS

The datum was set to WGS84 and the Direct Mercator 38N, UTM, zone 33N and 34N were chosen for navigation, display, and data acquisition. The time zone was set to the UTC for the instrumental data acquisition.

The positioning maps and bathymetric images were produced with GMT [Wessel & Smith(1998)].

The multibeam data were pre processed on board by the CARIS and GMT software and ISMAR's routines and scripts, using the SIS production DTMS or raw .all file.