APPENDICI

I Monografie

Le pagine seguenti presentano le schede delle stazioni di riferimento utilizzate per la navigazione.

II Specifiche tecniche della strumentazione utilizzata

Nelle pagine seguenti sono riportate le schede degli strumenti utilizzati per i rilievi batimorfologico e sismico multicanale.

Strumentazione per il rilievo batimorfologico:

• Trimble 4000 SE DGPS System - sistema di posizionamento differenziale

• Robertson RGC 50 Gyrocompass - girobussola

• Simrad EA 300 P Echosounder - ecoscandaglio

• Submetrix ISIS 100 - sistema interferometrico acquisizione/processing dati batimetrici

• Datasonics SIS 1000 - sistema di acquisizione dati Side Scan Sonar / Sub Bottom Profiler tecnologia Chirp

• Geopulse Uniboom Model 5420A - sistema di acquisizione dati di stratigrafia superficiale

Strumentazione per il rilievo sismico multicanale:

• Sodera G.I. Gun

• Compair Reavell Compressor

• Air Reservoir

• ITI ST-5 Solid Towed Array

• Compass Bird Model 5011 - Digicourse

• Data Acquisition System DAS - 1 Oyo Geospace

• Lookout SeiScope Processing System

Trimble 4000 SE DGPS System

ROBERTSON RGC 50 GYROCOMPASS

Simrad EA 300 P Echosounder

TRANSMITTER / RECEIVER

CONTROL AND DISPLAY

TRANSDUCER

COLOUR RECORDER

GENERAL SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

SUBMETRIX ISIS 100

General Description

ISIS 100 is a fixed mounted system incorporating the benefits of the interferometric techniques. that include:

• Swath widths of up to 15 times water depth (typically in 10 m of water a swath corridor of 150 metres can be surveyed).

• Vastly increased data density (up to 2000 point per ping) are defined giving up to 36 milion sounding per hour.

• Higher accuracy and resolution than multibeam technology.

• Simultaneous true side scan data which can be output to thermal recorder and displayed on VDU.

• Faster survey speeds of up to 16 knots (depending on type of installation).

• Compatible with existing motion reference units.

The system can be mobilised quickly onto a vessel of opportunity (typically in 3 to 5 hours) or permanently installed as a hull mounted system. ISIS 100 has the ability to survey up to 300 degree arc. This enables data to be collected right up to the shoreline.

The main component of ISIS are a pair of sonar transducers, a motion reference unit, the ISIS main box, and a computer workstation. The main box contains four sub-racks; the Interface Unit, the Processor Unit, the Interface Equipment and the Tape Drive.

Data acquisition and processing are carried out in a network of Transputer microprocessors. These are located in the Processor Unit and Interface Unit.

Interface Unit

The main function of this unit is analogue and digital data acquisition of sonar and motion reference data. It contains:

• A sonar amplifier board, which takes in the analogue signal from the sonar transducers, and amplifies them. It also provides sidescan amplitude in digital form.

• An interface board, which receives the amplified sonar signal and measures the phase between them. It also receives the motion reference information on a serial data interface.

• A processor board, containing the Transputer modules responsible for data acquisition.

• A pair of transmitter board, which generate the sonar transmission pulse.

Processor Unit

This unit contains part of the Transputer system, performing real-time processing tasks. It drives the real-time data logging tape unit. Inputs from navigation system, etc., are accepted via serial ports. The unit includes diagnostic serial ports.

Ethernet Interface Unit

This unit comprises a B300 ethernet interface. It connects the transputer network to the computer workstation usinf ethernet TCP/IP protocol.

Tape Drive

All the acquired data is stored on a high-capacity Exabyte tape drive.

Computer Workstation System

The computer system serves as the man-machine interface. Commands may be entered via the mouse and keyboard. A range of displays is available, which allow the operator to monitor the operation of the sonar system.

The computer system can also be used to post-process the sonar data, and provide hard-copy charts and plots to printers and plotters. For this purpose, a tape drive is required to be connected to the computer. This may be a separate unit from the one connected to the Deck Processor, or one unit may be shared by swapping cables or switching.

The computer system may include one or more additional workstations, connected together by an Ethernet Network.

Attitude Measurement system

In order that the sonar returns can be interpreted in real-world co-ordinates, the orientation of the transducers must be precisely known. ISIS provides for interfaces to several industry-standard motion reference units. These provide the roll, pitch, heading and heave of the sonar transducers. They use three-dimensional arrays of accelerometers and gyroscopes to measure linear accelerations and rotational velocities respectively. Heading is usually provided by a link to an external magnetic or gyro-compass.

Configuration

The wet end of the system is mounted in a pod, fixed to the end of a pole. The pod contains the transducers and motion reference unit. Unless the pole is very rigid, the motion reference unit should be mounted with the transducers at the end of the pole, rather than inside the vessel. The pole can be fixed to the side of a ship, or a moonpool or a gate valve. The pole can be hinged or retractable, so that the system and ship are not at risk in shallow water. This system can be used on many ships of opportunity.

Sonar performance

Operating depth	1-100 m
Max. swath width	300 m
Range v. depth	15x
Angular resolution	0.04°
Size resolution across track	7.5 cm
Accuracy	within IHO specification

Technical description

Operating frequency	234 KHz
Beam width	1.0° azimuth, 45° elevation
Pulse repetition	10 Hz at 100m swath width 5 Hz at 300m swath width
Transmit pulse length	80 ms

Datasonics SIS 1000

SIS-1000 Tow Vehicle Specifications
Physical Characteristics
Model	Datasonics TTV-190
Construction	Two part aluminium and fiberglass shell with tail fin assembly and steel tow point
Dimension	64” long by 18” outside diameter
Weight in air	300 lbs.
Weight in water	170 lbs.
Tether system	Industry-standard coaxial or multi-conductor cable.
Operating depth	600 meters Crush depth of the electronic pressure housing is 1,000 meters
Towing speed	Operational: 1 to 8 knots
Vehicle mains power	110-125 VAC or 220 VAC, 50/60 Hz, ±5%, 600 Watts transformed from surface power source
Power (from surface)	440 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 600 Watts

Sidescan Sonar
Transducers	Two dual element line arrays each for port and starboard sidescan. Upper array transmits Chirp pulses; lower array receives acoustic returns.
Range	50 to 750 meters per channel
Acoustic source level	+223 dB referenced to 1 mPa @ 1 m
Transducer radiation	0.5° horizontal; 55° vertical pattern
Side-lobe suppression	-20 dB, by shading
Frequency range	Port sidescan sweeps from 90 kHz to 110 kHz Starboard sidescan sweeps from 110 kHz to 90 kHz
Sampling rate	31.250 kHz
Receiver gain	User-adjusted: 0 to 42 dB in 3 dB increments
	Time-varied: -20 to 40 dB Automatic discrete steps, relative to built-in-swath-lookup table stored in programmable memory

SIS-1000 Tow Vehicle Specifications
Subbottom Profiler
Transducer Arrays	Transmitter: Four Datasonics AT-471 low frequency transducers Receiver: Hydro AT473C Linear Array Hydrophone
Frequency range	Chirp pulse sweeps from 2 kHz to 7 kHz
Transducer radiation	30° conical pattern - combined transmit and receive
Sampling rate	31.250 kHz
Receiver gain	User adjusted: 0 to 42 dB in 3 dB increments
Optional Auxiliary Sensors
Pitch and roll	Lucas AccuStar Clinometers Accuracy of 0.2° with a range of ±60°
Heading	KVH C100 Compass Accuracy: 0.5° heading variation with resolution of 0.1°
Other	Spare analog and digital channels can be used to configure customer-supplied sensors including CTD profiler, magnetometer, pressure sensor and altimeter

SIS-1000 Telemetry System Specifications
Physical Components
Cable	Customer-supplied, industry-standard coaxial or multi-conductor cable provides high-voltage power transmission and two-way data communications.
Data multiplexer	Datasonics Chirplink Digital Multiplexer provides frequency-division digital multiplexing.
Downlink Power Channel
Carrier frequency	60 Hz
Allotted spectrum	0 Hz to 40 kHz
Channel contents	440 VAC, 60 Hz, 600 Watts
Downlink Control Channel
Carrier frequency	70 kHz
Allotted spectrum	50 kHz to 90 kHz
Format	RS-232 ASCII, 9600 baud
Channel contents	Sonar control Repetition rate and transmit pulse length Port sidescan transmitter on/off Starboard sidescan transmitter on/off Subbottom sonar transmitter on/off Port sidescan channel receiver gain Starboard sidescan channel receiver gain Subbottom sonar channel receiver gain Diagnostic commands

Uplink Vehicle Status Channel
Carrier frequency	165 kHz
Allotted spectrum	140 kHz to 190 kHz
Format	RS-232 ASCII, 9600 baud

SIS-1000 Telemetry System Specifications
Uplink Vehicle Status Channel
Channel contents	Vehicle heading (0-360°) Vehicle pitch +/- 90° (positive counterclockwise) Vehicle roll +/- 90° (positive counterclockwise) Echo of downlink command sent by status/control workstation Receiver gain settings Downlink command echo Uplink checksum word
Uplink Sonar Channel
Carrier frequency	3.0 Mhz
Allotted spectrum	2.25 Mhz to 3.5 Mhz
Format	Frequency-Shift Keyed (FSK), 1.5 megabaud
Channel contents	Sidescan and subbottom sonar data

SIS-1000 Sonar Display Processor Specifications
A Datasonics integrated workstation provides: High resolution display in user-controlled windows Digital recording of subbottom sonar output and vehicle sensor data Remote control and diagnostics of tow vehicle electronics.
Operating system	Microsoft DOS running Microsoft Windows
Sonar display	Programmable combinations of windows displaying data from three Chirp sonar channels on a 17-inch 1280x1024 monitor, with separate window to display vehicle control information. Graphics software enhances the sonar display to a virtual resolution of 2048x2048 (16 colors)
Data recording options	Hewlett-Packard C1716T Magneto Optical (MO) drive Exabyte 8 mm cartridge drives Hard drive
Other storage	130 megabyte internal hard drive 3.5 external disk drive, high density (1.44 megabytes)
Power input	100-125 VAC or 220 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 600 Watts
Hard copy printout	Inkjet color printer and/or thermal chart recorder
User input	Trackball, extended keyboard
Physical Characteristics
Setup	Workstation case contains processors, multiplexer and tape drive in standard 19” rack. Monitor attaches to the top of the case.
Dimensions	Case : 31.12 cm high by 50.80 cm wide by 71.12 cm deep Monitor: 35.81 cm high by 39.88 cm wide by 45.97 cm deep
Weight	Case: 34 Kg Monitor: 20 Kg

GEOPULSE UNIBOOM

POWER SUPPLY MODEL 5420A

GEOPULSE RECEIVER MODEL 5210A

Sodera G.I. Gun

Type	Sodera G.I. Bubble Free Air Gun
Operating Pressure	Nominal: 2000 psi Maximum: 3000 psi
Operating Modes	Harmonic 90 Cubic Inch 45/45 130 Cubic Inch 75/75 210 Cubic Inch 105/105 355 Cubic Inch 105/250 True G.I. 150 Cubic Inch 45/105
Ancillaries / Options	Umbilicals Solenoid Firing Units with Injector delays Near Fields Hydrophones Digital Storage Display Units of the Near Field Pulse

Compair Reavell Compressor

Type	Compair Reavell 5436, 4 Stage Water Cooler
Duty	75 CFM at 4000 psi
Cooling	Water via integral radiator
Prime Mover	Electric Motor 45 KW, 415 V, 79 A, 50 Hz
Storage	4 off MK12 68 Litre 4000 psi Vessels Complete with condensate drains
Regulation	Hale Hamilton GLP 20 MK4
Enclosure	Offshore certified container with lifting straps and full certificates
Weight	6500 Kgs
Dimensions	2.465 m ´ 3.025 m ´ 2.570 m high
Lubricant	Anderol 500

Air Reservoir

Type	Double Ended Submarine Bottle
Pressure	4000 psi
Volume	105 Litres
Enclosure	Certified Offshore Lifting Frame
Dimensions	1.780 m ´ 0.610 m ´ 0.660 m high
Weight	800 Kgs
Fittings	Stop Valve and 4000 psi Relief Valve

ITI ST-5 SOLID TOWED ARRAY

Compass Bird Model 5011 - Digicourse

Data Acquisition System DAS - 1 Oyo Geospace

Lookout SeiScope Processing System

The Lookout SeiScope Processing System is implemented by the Tape Copy Package which has the following main features:

III Mezzi navali

Nelle pagine seguenti sono riportate le specifiche dei mezzi navali utilizzati per i rilievi batimorfologico e sismico multicanale.

I mezzi navali utilizzati sono:

• Survey Vessel “Maria Adelaide” (rilievo batimorfologico)

• Pontone “Silvia” (rilievo sismico multicanale)

SURVEY VESSEL “MARIA ADELAIDE”

NOME: MARIA ADELAIDE

MATRICOLA: RA3766

BANDIERA: Italiana

LUNGHEZZA: 12 mt

LARGHEZZA: 4 mt

PESCAGGIO: 0.8 mt

MOTORI: 2 × 150 CV

GENERATORI: due: 4 KW 220V monofase stabilizzato

7 KW 380V trifase

PERSONALE TRASPORTABILE: max 7 tecnici

ABILITAZIONE: Servizi speciali e rilievi geofisici

STRUMENTAZIONE DI BORDO: pilota automatico

radar

VHF

ecoscandaglio

frame con verricello, portata max 800 Kg

PONTONE “SILVIA”

NOME: PONTONE SILVIA

LUNGHEZZA: 20 mt

LARGHEZZA: 8 mt

PESCAGGIO: 1.50 - 1.70 mt

MOTORI: 1 FIAT 300 cavalli

PERSONALE comandante, motorista, marinaio

STRUMENTAZIONE DI BORDO: radar

PORTATA: 700/800 quintali

iv tabelle vibrometriche

Nelle pagine seguenti sono allegati tredici “printout” relativi ad alcuni dei “files” acquisiti durante le misure vibrometriche per valutare l’impatto dell’air gun sugli argini del F. Po.